North Cachar Hills
An Introduction to RSVY Project of North Cachar Hills
In spite of the continuous and conscious intervention of Govt. for sustained economic growth and development, for the heterogeneous and diverse socio-economic, demographic, cultural, topographical reasons some areas and inhabitants therein still remain socio-economically backward. For the economic backwardness and for the residential concentration of the poverty stricken and socio-economically backward tribal population the Planning Commission, Govt. of India, has selected 5 (five) districts of Assam including the North Cachar Hills district for Special Development Assistance (SDA) under Rastriya Sam Vikas Yojana (RSVY) with a financial allocation of Rs. 45 crores per district.
The N.C. Hills, district has been experiencing perceptible improvement in the quality of life of the people. Still it lags behind other districts. Human development and socio-economic sustained growth and development is the sine qua non with the total development of the major tribal populace of this backward hilly district. For sustainment of the development activities the growth system has to be converted to human development and there is the necessity of special attendance.
The primary objective of RSVY is to address the problems of low agricultural productivity, unemployment and to fill in the critical gaps in physical and social infrastructure, of course; with the ultimate objective of removing the barriers to growth accelerate development process and improve the quality of life of people, especially the under privileged. Increasing employment opportunities and entitlements of the poor and marginalised ought to be focused in the special development plan. According to the Planning Commission, the strategy to be used should focus simultaneously on twin aspects- infrastructure development and income generation scheme for the unprivileged. As such Agriculture, horticulture, social sector surface communication, drinking water, eco-tourism and income generating activities are taken as thrust areas of growth and development.
There has been multifarious dimensions of the problems of backwardness of the N.C.Hills district. Here we have been restricting our focus to some of the important aspects which are pertinent from the point of view of preparing the SDP for the district. Emphatically low agro-horticultural growth and backwardness are said to have close association. Uneven and uncalled for heavy rains for 95 days w.e.f. 15th April to 20th July 04, is a common phenomenon which stands as a natural calamity befalling untold miseries of land slides, claiming human lives, homesteads, crops and road blockade and finally creating a situation of scarcity and abysmal poverty. Notwithstanding the continued efforts of the Development Deptts., the regular features of heavy but irregular rain, storms and hailstorms and cyclone made the lives of the poor tribal people to be given more focus.
Another dimension of the problem is low productivity under agriculture. Since the type of settle cultivation than that of the age old jhum cultivation is still prevalent on migratory basis the optimum productivity of the land cannot be derived so far. Due to this incidence of poverty and unemployment is more pronounced. Therefore under this peculiar condition of natural disuniformity and for not having the proper utilization of natural resource, it is essential to focus on measures to enhance productivity and reduce cost.
The under privileged who constitute the core of our SDP ought to be brought to the center stage of growth process both as ‘subjects’ and ‘objects’ of the process. So, the SDP should lay emphasis on the expansion of livelihood opportunities on the one hand while on the other hand on the expansion of people capabilities, so that the target group can take advantage of the opportunities engendered inside and outside agricultural sector.
Almost all the schemes under RSVY would be executed through SHGs and co-operatives. The maximum subsidy for beneficiary livelihood oriented schemes would be 70% and rest 30% are to be borne by the beneficiaries through their own contribution or bank finance for maintenance of the schemes.
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